The Geometry in ancient civilizations.

1. Geometry in the Egyptian art. 

Egyptian art is about five thousand years old, which originated in the civilization of the Nile Valley.The style of Egyptian art is characterized by geometry and regularity, representing real life accurately and orderly, using simple strokes combined with simple lines creating a sense of order and balance.

Pirámides de Keops, 30.000 a.C, Egipto. 

2. Geometry in the Greek art. 

Greek thought is rationalist, based on logic, that is why its sculptures and architectural constructions are based on a beauty faithful to mathematical relations.

It is the geometric ceramics that will periodise this stage, since through architecture or sculpture it is impossible because we keep very few archaeological testimonies.
In ceramics there are 3 types of decoration that occur over time, and that form the three sub-steps of the Geometric.

Oinokoe geométrico del período Geométrico Medio.

3. Geometry in Roman art. 

"The Pantheon", one of the most significant buildings. The immense dome that crowns it, whose height is equal to the diameter of the base, gives it a serene harmony. This monumentality is used as a symbol of superiority, leaving aside the human scale.

Panteón, s.II, Roma 

The mosaics are a coating of the plane. They are based on the repetition of a motif, figure or module in two independent directions of the plane, the movements that are applied are translations, turns, symmetries and slides.

4. Geometry in islam art.

In Islamic civilization mathematics is a privileged science. The Arabs inherited and compiled discoveries of the Greeks, Egyptians, Persians and Indians. Despite this they also gave important contributions such as Alhuaritmi in the field of calculation.

Geometry is very important in Islam, being used for a mathematical base art. The perfect shape is the circle, which is used to create other motifs by applying symmetric repetition, subdivision and multiplication.

Mihrab de la mezquita